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16 TITLE="Installing the First AFS Machine"
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37 >AFS Quick Beginnings: Version 3.6</TH
74 >Chapter 1. Installation Overview</H1
76 >This chapter describes the type of instructions provided in this guide and the hardware and software requirements for
81 >Before beginning the installation of your cell's first machine, read this chapter and the material from the <SPAN
86 AFS Administration Guide</I
89 HREF="c104.html#HDRWQ8"
90 >Recommended Reading List</A
91 >. It is also best to read
94 >Installing the First AFS Machine</A
95 > before beginning the installation, so that you understand
96 the overall scope of the installation procedure. Similarly, before installing additional server or client machines it is best to
99 >Installing Additional Server Machines</A
103 Additional Client Machines</A
106 >If you are already running a version of AFS, consult the upgrade instructions in the <SPAN
113 > or contact the AFS Product Support group before proceeding with the installation.</P
120 >The Procedures Described in this Guide</A
123 >This guide describes two types of installation procedures: initial procedures (such as installing the first AFS machine or
124 incorporating AFS into the kernel) and as-needed procedures (such as installing additional server machines or client
132 >Required Initial Procedures</A
135 >You must perform the following basic procedures to start using AFS.</P
142 >Incorporating AFS Into the Kernel</A
145 >You must incorporate AFS modifications into the kernel of every AFS file server and client machine. Depending on the
146 operating system, you either use a program for dynamic kernel loading, build a new static kernel, or can choose between the
147 two. For your convenience, the instructions for incorporating AFS into the kernel appear in full in every chapter where you
148 need to use them. </P
156 >Installing the First AFS Machine</A
159 >You install the first AFS machine in your cell to function as both an AFS server and client machine. You can disable
160 the client functionality after completing the installation, if you wish.</P
162 >The first server machine in a cell performs several functions: <UL
165 >It acts as the <SPAN
169 >system control machine</I
171 > (if your AFS distribution includes the required
172 encryption files), distributing certain configuration files to the other server machines in the cell</P
176 >It acts as the <SPAN
180 >binary distribution machine</I
182 > for its system type, distributing AFS binaries
183 to other server machines of its system type</P
187 >It acts as the first <SPAN
191 >database server machine</I
193 >, running the server processes that maintain
194 the AFS administrative databases</P
199 >After you install server and client functionality, you complete other procedures specific to the first machine,
200 including setting up the top levels of your cell's AFS filespace.</P
209 >As-needed Procedures</A
217 >Upgrading the Operating System</A
220 >Upgrading the operating system requires you to take several steps to protect data and AFS-modified binaries from being
221 lost or overwritten. For guidelines, see <A
222 HREF="c104.html#HDRWQ14"
223 >About Upgrading the Operating System</A
232 >Installing Additional File Server Machines</A
236 HREF="c5467.html#HDRWQ100"
237 >Installing an Additional File Server Machine</A
246 >Configuring or Decommissioning Database Server Machines</A
250 HREF="c5467.html#HDRWQ114"
251 >Installing Database Server Functionality</A
253 HREF="c5467.html#HDRWQ125"
255 Database Server Functionality</A
264 >Installing Additional AFS Client Machines</A
269 >Installing Additional Client Machines</A
278 >Building AFS from Source Code</A
283 >Appendix A, Building AFS from Source Code</A
294 >Recommended Reading List</A
297 >To develop the best understanding of the overall scope of an installation procedure, read through the entire chapter or
298 section that describes it before performing any actions.</P
300 >In addition, familiarity with some basic AFS concepts can make the installation more efficient, because you understand
301 better the purpose of the steps. The following is a prioritized list of material to read before installing the first AFS
302 machine. At minimum, read the first chapter of the <SPAN
306 >IBM AFS Administration Guide</I
308 >. Then continue your reading
309 in the indicated order, as extensively as you can. It is more important at this point to read the conceptual material in each
310 section than the instructions.</P
316 >Selected Topics in the <SPAN
320 >IBM AFS Administration Guide</I
327 >The chapter titled <SPAN
331 >An Overview of AFS Administration</I
337 >Selected sections in the <SPAN
341 >Administering Server Machines</I
347 >Local Disk Files on a
354 >The Four Roles for a Server Machine</I
360 >Maintaining the Server
367 >Selected sections in the <SPAN
371 >Monitoring and Controlling Server Processes</I
378 >Controlling and Checking Process Status</I
384 >Selected sections in the <SPAN
388 >Managing Server Encryption Keys</I
401 >Selected sections in the <SPAN
418 >Creating Read/write Volumes</I
424 >Clones and Cloning</I
437 >Selected sections in the <SPAN
441 >Administering Client Machines and the Cache Manager</I
448 >Overview of Cache Manager Customization</I
454 >Configuration and Cache-related Files on the Local
461 >Determining the Cache Type, Size, and Location</I
467 >Selected sections in the <SPAN
471 >Managing Access Control Lists</I
489 >More Selected Topics in the <SPAN
493 >IBM AFS Administration Guide</I
501 >Selected sections in the <SPAN
511 >Creating and Releasing Read-only
512 Volumes (Replication)</I
518 >Creating Backup Volumes</I
524 >Selected sections in the <SPAN
528 >Administering the Protection Database</I
535 Protection Database</I
541 >Selected sections in the <SPAN
545 >Administering User Accounts</I
551 >The Components of an
558 >Selected sections in the <SPAN
562 >Managing Administrative Privilege</I
569 Administrative Privilege</I
585 >You must comply with the following requirements to install AFS successfully. </P
595 >Log into the machine you are installing as the local superuser <SPAN
602 also authenticate with AFS as the administrative user <SPAN
616 >General Requirements</A
621 >You must have the AFS Binary Distribution for each system type you are installing. Unless otherwise noted, the
622 Binary Distribution includes software for both client and server machines. If you are using the CD-ROM version of the
623 distribution, the machine you are installing must be able to access the CD-ROMs, either through a local CD drive or via an
626 > mount of a CD drive attached to a machine that is accessible by network.</P
630 >All AFS machines that belong to a cell must be able to access each other via the network.</P
634 >The machine must be running the standard, vendor-supplied version of the operating system supported by the current
635 version of AFS. The operating system must already be installed on the machine's root partition.</P
639 >You must be familiar with the current operating system and disk configuration of the machine you are
644 >All hardware and non-AFS software on the machine must be functioning normally.</P
648 >No critical processes can be running on the machine you are installing, because you must reboot it during the
659 >File Server Machine Requirements</A
664 >Cell configuration is simplest if the first machine you install has the lowest IP address of any database server
665 machine you currently plan to install. If you later configure a machine with a lower IP address as a database server
666 machine, you must update the <SPAN
670 >/usr/vice/etc/CellServDB</B
672 > file on all of your cell's client
673 machines before the installation. For further discussion, see <A
674 HREF="c5467.html#HDRWQ114"
675 >Installing Database Server
681 >The partition mounted on the <SPAN
687 > directory must have at least 18 MB of disk space
688 available for storing the AFS server binaries (stored by convention in the <SPAN
695 directory). If the machine is also a client, there must be additional local disk space available, as specified in <A
696 HREF="c104.html#HDRWQ12"
697 >Client Machine Requirements</A
698 >. The complete set of AFS binaries requires yet more space, but they
699 are normally stored in an AFS volume rather than on a machine's local disk.</P
701 >More significant amounts of space on the partition are required by the administrative databases stored in the
708 > directory and the server process log files stored in the <SPAN
714 > directory. The exact requirement depends on many factors, such as the size of your
715 cell and how often you truncate the log files.</P
719 >There must be at least one partition (or logical volume, if the operating system and AFS support them) dedicated
720 exclusively to storing AFS volumes. The total number and size of server partitions on all file server machines in the cell
721 determines how much space is available for AFS files.</P
731 >Client Machine Requirements</A
736 >The partition mounted on the <SPAN
742 > directory must have at least 4 MB of disk space
743 available for storing the AFS client binaries and kernel library files (stored by convention in the <SPAN
749 > directory). The complete set of AFS binaries requires more space, but they are
750 normally stored in an AFS volume rather than on a machine's local disk. For most system types, the instructions have you
751 copy only the one kernel library file appropriate for the machine you are installing. If you choose to store all of the
752 library files on the local disk, the space requirement can be significantly greater.</P
756 >On a client machine that uses a disk cache, there must be enough free space on the cache partition (by convention,
763 > directory) to accommodate the cache. The minimum
764 recommended cache size is 10 MB, but larger caches generally perform better.</P
768 >On a client machine that uses a memory cache, there must be at least 5 MB of machine memory to devote to caching,
769 but again more memory generally leads to better performance. For further discussion, see the sections in <A
771 >Installing Additional Client Machines</A
772 > about configuring the cache.</P
783 >Supported System Types</A
790 >IBM AFS Release Notes</I
792 > for each AFS release list the supported system types. Support for
793 subsequent revisions of an operating system often becomes available between AFS releases. The AFS Product Support group can
796 >It is the goal of the AFS Development and Product Support groups to support AFS on a wide range of popular system types.
797 Furthermore, each time an operating system vendor releases a new general availability version of a supported operating system,
798 it is a goal to certify and support AFS on it within a short time. Support can be delayed a bit longer if it is necessary to
799 generate completely new binaries.</P
801 >It is not always possible to support AFS on every intermediate version of an operating system or for certain processor
802 types. In some cases, platform limitations make certain AFS functionality (such as file server or NFS/AFS translator
803 functionality) unavailable on one or more platforms. For a list of limitations, see the <SPAN
810 > or ask the AFS Product Support group. </P
818 >About Upgrading the Operating System</A
821 >Whenever you upgrade an AFS machine to a different operating system, you must take several actions to maintain proper AFS
822 functionality. These actions include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following. <UL
825 >Unmount the AFS server partitions (mounted at <SPAN
835 directories) on all file server machines, to prevent the vendor-supplied <SPAN
842 from running on them when you reboot the machine during installation of the new operating system. Before upgrading the
843 operating system, it is prudent to comment out commands in the machine's initialization file that remount the server
844 partitions, to prevent them from being remounted until you can replace the standard <SPAN
851 program with the AFS-modified version. The instructions in this guide for installing AFS server machines explain how to
862 >Protect the AFS-modified versions of commands and configuration files from being overwritten by vendor-supplied
863 versions. These include <SPAN
869 > (the AFS version of <SPAN
876 binaries for the UNIX remote services such as <SPAN
882 >, and configuration files such as the
883 one for the Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM). After you have successfully installed the operating system, remember to
884 move the AFS-modified commands and files back to the locations where they are accessed during normal functioning.</P
888 >Reformat the server partitions to accommodate AFS-specific information, in certain cases. The upgrade instructions
889 that accompany the new AFS binaries for an affected platform always detail the required procedure.</P
900 >The AFS Binary Distribution</A
903 >The AFS Binary Distribution includes a separate CD-ROM for each supported system type, containing all AFS binaries and
904 files for both server and client machines. The instructions in this guide specify when to mount the CD-ROM and which files or
905 directories to copy to the local disk or into an AFS volume.</P
916 >If you are installing the first AFS machine in your cell, proceed to <A
918 >Installing the First AFS
922 >If you are installing an additional file server machine, or configuring or decommissioning a database server machine,
925 >Installing Additional Server Machines</A
928 >If you are installing an additional client machine, proceed to <A
930 >Installing Additional Client
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979 >About This Guide</TD
989 >Installing the First AFS Machine</TD