This file provides a brief description of the commands of the FSSYNC
protocol, and how/why each are typically used.

 -- vol op FSSYNC commands

FSSYNC commands involving volume operations take a FSSYNC_VolOp_command
struct as their command and arguments. They all deal with a specific
volume, so "the specified volume" below refers to the volume in the
FSSYNC_VolOp_hdr in the FSSYNC_VolOp_command.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_ON

Tells the fileserver to bring the specified volume online. For DAFS,
this brings the volume into the preattached state. For non-DAFS, the
volume is attached.

This is generally used to tell the fileserver about a newly-created
volume, or to return ('check in') a volume to the fileserver that was
previously checked-out (e.g. via FSYNC_VOL_NEEDVOLUME).

 -- FSYNC_VOL_OFF

Tells the fileserver to take a volume offline, so nothing else will
access the volume until it is brought online via FSSYNC again. A volume
that is offlined with this command and the FSYNC_SALVAGE reason code
will not be allowed access from the fileserver by anything. The volume
will be 'checked out' until it is 'checked in' by another FSYNC command.

Currently only the salvaging code uses this command; the only difference
between it an FSYNC_VOL_NEEDVOLUME is the logic that determines whether
an offlined volume can be accessed by other programs or not.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_LISTVOLUMES

This is currently a no-op; all it does is return success, assuming the
FSSYNC command is well-formed.

In Transarc/IBM AFS 3.1, this was used to create a file listing all
volumes on the server, and was used with a tool to create a list of
volumes to backup. After AFS 3.1, however, it never did anything.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_NEEDVOLUME

Tells the fileserver that the calling program needs the volume for a
certain operation. The fileserver will offline the volume or keep it
online, depending on the reason code given. The volume will be marked as
'checked out' until 'checked in' again with another FSYNC command.

Reason codes for this command are different than for normal FSSYNC
commands; reason codes for _NEEDVOLUME are volume checkout codes like
V_CLONE, V_DUMP, and the like. The fileserver will keep the volume
online if the given reason code is V_READONLY, or if the volume is an RO
volume and the given reason code is V_CLONE or V_DUMP. If the volume is
taken offline, the volume's specialStatus will also be marked with VBUSY
in the case of the V_CLONE or V_DUMP reason codes.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_MOVE

Tells the fileserver that the specified volume was moved to a new site.
The new site is given in the reason code of the request. On receiving
this, the fileserver merely sets the specialStatus on the volume, and
breaks all of the callbacks on the volume.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_BREAKCBKS

Tells the fileserver to break all callbacks with the specified volume.
This is used when volumes are deleted or overwritten (restores,
reclones, etc).

 -- FSYNC_VOL_DONE

Tells the fileserver that a volume has been deleted. This is actually
similar to FSYNC_VOL_ON, except that the volume isn't onlined. The
volume is 'checked in', though, and is removed from the list of volumes.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_QUERY

Asks the fileserver to provide the known volume state information for
the specified volume. If the volume is known, the response payload is a
filled-in 'struct Volume'.

This is used as a debugging tool to query volume state in the
fileserver, but is also used by the volserver as an optimization so it
does not need to always go to disk to retrieve volume information for
e.g. the AFSVolListOneVolume or AFSVolListVolumes RPCs.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_QUERY_HDR

Asks the fileserver to provide the on-disk volume header for the
specified volume, if the fileserver already has it loaded. If the
fileserver does not already know this information, it responds with
SYNC_FAILED with the reason code FSYNC_HDR_NOT_ATTACHED. Otherwise it
responds with a filled-in 'struct VolumeDiskData' in the response
payload.

This is used by non-fileservers as an optimization during attachment if
we are just reading from the volume and we don't need to 'check out' the
volume from the fileserver (attaching with V_PEEK). If the fileserver
has the header loaded, it avoids needing to hit the disk for the volume
header.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_QUERY_VOP (DAFS only)

Asks the fileserver to provide information about the current volume
operation that has the volume checked out. If the volume is checked out,
the response payload is a filled-in 'struct FSSYNC_VolOp_info';
otherwise the command fails with SYNC_FAILED.

This is useful as a debugging aid, and is also used by the volserver to
determine if a volume should be advertised as 'offline' or 'online'.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_ATTACH

This is like FSYNC_VOL_ON, but for DAFS forces the volume to become
fully attached (as opposed to preattached). This is used for debugging,
to ensure that a volume is attached and online without needing to
contact the fileserver via e.g. a client.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_FORCE_ERROR (DAFS only)

This tells the fileserver that there is something wrong with a volume,
and it should be put in an error state or salvaged.

If the reason code is FSYNC_SALVAGE, the fileserver will potentially
schedule a salvage for the volume. It may or may not actually schedule a
salvage, depending on how many salvages have occurred and other internal
logic; basically, specifying FSYNC_SALVAGE makes the fileserver behave
as if the fileserver itself encountered an error with the volume that
warrants a salvage.

Non-fileserver programs use this to schedule salvages; they should not
contact the salvageserver directly. Note when a salvage is scheduled as
a result of this command, it is done so in the background; getting a
response from this command does not necessarily mean the salvage has
been scheduled, as it may be deferred until later.

If the reason code is not FSYNC_SALVAGE, the fileserver will just put
the volume into an error state, and the volume will be inaccessible
until it is salvaged, or forced online.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_LEAVE_OFF

This 'checks in' a volume back to the fileserver, but tells the
fileserver not to bring the volume back online. This can occur when a
non-fileserver program is done with a volume, but the volume's "blessed"
or "inService" fields are not set; this prevents the fileserver from
trying to attach the volume later, only to find the volume is not
blessed and take the volume offline.

 -- FSYNC_VG_QUERY (DAFS only)

This queries the fileserver VGC (volume group cache) for the volume
group of the requested volume. The payload consists of an
FSSYNC_VGQry_response_t, specifying the volume group and all of the
volumes in that volume group.

If the VGC for the requested partition is currently being populated,
this will fail with SYNC_FAILED, and the FSYNC_PART_SCANNING reason
code. If the VGC for the requested partition is currently completely
unpopulated, a VGC scan for the partition will be started automatically
in the background, and FSYNC_PART_SCANNING will still be returned.

The demand-salvager uses this to find out what volumes are in the volume
group it is salvaging; it can also be used for debugging the VGC.

 -- FSYNC_VG_SCAN (DAFS only)

This discards any information in the VGC for the specified partition,
and re-scans the partition to populate the VGC in the background. This
should normally not be needed, since scans start automatically when VGC
information is requested. This can be used as a debugging tool, or to
force the VGC to discard incorrect information that somehow got into the
VGC.

Note that the scan is scheduled in the background, so getting a response
from this command does not imply that the scan has started; it may start
sometime in the future.

 -- FSYNC_VG_SCAN_ALL

This is the same as FSYNC_VG_SCAN, but schedules scans for all
partitions on the fileserver, instead of a particular one.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_QUERY_VNODE

Asks the fileserver for information about specific vnode. This takes a
different command header than other vol ops; it takes a struct
FSSYNC_VnQry_hdr which specifies the volume and vnode requested. The
response payload is a 'struct Vnode' if successful.

This responds with FSYNC_UNKNOWN_VNID if the fileserver doesn't know
anything about the given vnode. This command will not automatically
attach the associated volume; the volume must be attached before issuing
this command in order to do anything useful.

This is just a debugging tool, to see what the fileserver thinks about a
particular vnode.

 -- stats FSSYNC commands

FSSYNC commands involving statistics take a FSSYNC_StatsOp_command
struct as their command and arguments. Some of them use arguments to
specify what stats are requested, which are specified in sop->args, the
union in the FSSYNC_StatsOp_hdr struct.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_STATS_GENERAL

Retrieves general volume package stats from the fileserver. Response
payload consists of a 'struct VolPkgStats'.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_STATS_VICEP (DAFS only)

Retrieves per-partition stats from the fileserver for the partition
specified in sop->partName. Response payload consists of a 'struct
DiskPartitionStats64'.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_STATS_HASH (DAFS only)

Retrieves hash chain stats for the hash bucket specified in
sop->hash_bucket. Response payload consists of a 'struct
VolumeHashChainStats'.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_STATS_HDR (DAFS only)

Retrieves stats for the volume header cache. Response payload consists
of a 'struct volume_hdr_LRU_stats'.

 -- FSYNC_VOL_STATS_VLRU (DAFS only)

This is intended to retrieve stats for the VLRU generation specified in
sop->vlru_generation. However, it is not yet implemented and currently
always results in a SYNC_BAD_COMMAND result from the fileserver.

 -- VGC update FSSYNC commands

FSSYNC commands involving updating the VGC (volume group cache) take an
FSSYNC_VGUpdate_command struct as their command arguments. The parent
and child fields specify the (parent,child) entry in the partName VGC to
add or remove.

 -- FSYNC_VG_ADD (DAFS only)

Adds an entry to the fileserver VGC. This merely adds the specified
child volume to the specified parent volume group, and creates the
parent volume group if it does not exist. This is used by programs that
create new volumes, in order to keep the VGC up to date.

 -- FSYNC_VG_DEL (DAFS only)

Deletes an entry from the fileserver VGC. This merely removes the
specified child volume from the specified parent volume group, deleting
the volume group if the last entry was deleted. This is used by programs
that destroy volumes, in order to keep the VGC up to date.